Methods participants 32 men and 30 women with schizophrenia spectrum disorders were examined. The validity of the self disclosure inventory and of the theoretical framework in which jourard sets self disclosure was investigated. With the concept of transparency, sidney jourard begins a tradition of research and theory on selfdisclosure. Undergraduate participants n 293 completed the jourard selfdisclosure scale jourard, 1971b, the bem sex role inventory. Group development, a key factor in treatment effectiveness, is discussed in virtually every introductory text on group psychotherapy. The inventory yields a grand disclosure score, 6 aspectdisclosure subscores, and 6 disclosuretotarget subscores. The development of a selfdisclosure inventory designed for use with adolescents is described. Testretest reliability of the msdq was examined in a sample of 41 participants over a twoweek period r.
He felt that the only way one could come to understand himself or herself was through disclosure to significant others. A study of two modes of interpersonal encounter and their interrelation sidney m. Selfdisclosure questionnaires sidney jourard was fascinated with the topic of selfdisclosure and the. Development and application of a selfreport measure for. Subjects, 184 undergraduate students, completed two scales, jourard s self disclosure scale jsdq 60 and the revised bems sexrole inventory bsri, in response to a target parent, either father or mother. The body language of selfdisclosure by duane connett.
Selfdisclosure and wellbeing insight book, volume 17 by sidney m. Selfdisclosure by students was measured over an entire semester, by means of a revised version of the jourard selfdisclosure inventory. The purpose of this study was to assess the reliability and validity of a new measure of self disclosure. In five studies and using primes emulating facebook timelines and messages, we compared the effects of disclosure depth on intimacy and satisfaction in online vs. Adult attachment and selfdisclosure on social networking. Selfdisclosure questionnaire lc linked data service. Research and practice, edited by cary cherniss, richard e.
Sadistic personality disorder and comorbid mental illness in adolescent psychiatric inpatients. An investigation of high and low selfdisclosers scores on the. Development and application of a selfreport measure for assessing. Anger experiences, styles of anger expression, sadistic personality disorder, and psychopathy in juvenile sexual homicide offenders. Sidney marshall jourard 19261974was a leading force in humanistic psychology, and a pioneer in the fields of selfdisclosure and bodyawareness. Two hundred four college students were given a selfdisclosure inventory. Resnick, some effects of self disclosure among college women, journal of humanistic psychology, 10 1970 8493. Jourard and a great selection of related books, art and collectibles available now at. The purpose of this study was to assess the reliability and validity of a new measure of selfdisclosure.
Itemanalysis of jourards selfdisclosure questionnaire21. However, selfdisclosure is different from impression management or. Topics of the sixtyitem selfdisclosure sidney jourard. Sexual and physical contact were mentioned frequently in describing intimacy in heterosexual relationships, but rarely mentioned in describing relationships with members of ones own gender. The validity of the selfdisclosure inventory and of the theoretical framework in which jourard sets selfdisclosure was investigated. The jourard sixtyitem selfdisclosure questionnaire.
An experimental analysis of the transparent self paperback january 1, 1979 by sidney m jourard author visit amazons sidney m jourard page. Jourard believes that chronic selfconcealment contributes to malaise and disease of all kinds. Yet, there is surprisingly little research on this topic compared to the voluminous research that exists on self disclosure in general. A questionnaire which obtained actual selfdisclosure about five topicsinterests, personality, studies, body, and moneyand instruments which measured seven personality traits were. By using the features of snss, users can share their positive life events, such as holiday experiences as well as career or sport. What follows is the most complete and comprehensive chronological listing of sidney jourard s professional publications currently available. Pdf scale development of selfdisclosure through online. Disclosures by parents living with hiv of their hiv status to their children were examined in three ways. Jourard selfdisclosure questionnaire how is jourard.
Sidney jourard used the concept of transparency to mean selfdisclosure. Derlega, and alicia mathews, selfdisclosure in personal relationships, in the cambridge handbook of personal relationships, eds. A questionnaire which obtained actual selfdisclosure about five topicsinterests, personality, studies, body, and moneyand instruments which measured seven personality traits were administered to 52 ss. Jourard selfdisclosure questionnaires sidney jourard. A withingroups method with repeated measures was used to explore time pressure and task complexity, communication medium and individual perceptions of trust. Ahmed belkaouiconceptual foundations of management accounting.
An experimental analysis of the transparent self by jourard, sidney m and a great selection of related books, art and collectibles available now at. Psychological intimacy in the lasting relationships of. Pdf the selfdisclosure and selfpresentation views of item. Sixtyseven male and fiftyone female college students from various fraternity and sorority organizations were used as subjects. Ournal of experimental social psychology 7,89400 1971 reciprocal selfdisclosure in a dyad howard j. The results showed that mens and womens emotional disclosures depended on their ethnicityculture, the. The family is the civilian equivalent of marine boot camp. It also examined the influence of the interaction on their levels of affect, physiological arousal, and acceptance of their partners. It is supposed to prepare people for the combats and joys of life. Students also participated in a taped selfdisclosure exercise at the. We keep ourselves hidden and we do not disclose who we really are for fear of being rejected or shamed. Jourards 21item questionnaire was analyzed as an instrument for measuring the selfdisclosure of 331 undergraduates at three universities. Jsdq jourard selfdisclosure questionnaire psychology.
Alpha coefficients of internal consistency indicated that the sdq21 was acceptably reliable. Let us look at it, however, in light of the fact that one out of. The likelihoodratio chisquare test indicates a that the addition of self disclosure adds significantly to the fit of the sexual intercourse model p self disclosure jourard, 1964 and the examiner may view it as an opportunity for impression management goffman, 1959. Richman, factors in the self disclosure inputs of college students, merrillpalmer quarterly of behavior and development, 9 1963 141148. The transparent self self disclosure and well being by. I became fascinated with selfdisclosure after puzzling about the. Relationship between selfdisclosure to first acquaintances. People are increasingly required to disclose personal information to computer and internetbased systems in order to register, identify themselves or simply for the system to work as designed. Thats a basic tenant of human communication, first researched and proved by psychologists like sidney jourard and john powell. Attempted validation of the selfdisclosure inventory by the peernomination technique. However, disclosure done online has disparate features and thus its effects on relationships may also differ. The development of the selfdisclosure scale factor. A selfdisclosure inventory for adolescents lloyd w.
In the sns context, an important form of self presentation is self disclosure choi and bazarova, 2015, krasnova et al. Ucla loneliness scale, the jourard fortyitem selfdisclosure. The questionnaire may be used or modified by researchers without written permission. The development of a self disclosure inventory designed for use with adolescents is described. Self disclosure is a big part of humanistic psychology. Aug 25, 2017 building on the literature that approaches selfdisclosure as a decisionmaking process, we proposed a selfreported sensitive information disclosure sid measure and tested the measures reliability and validity in two studies across a variety of interview modes and settings. This study investigates the relationship between selfdisclosure and attitudes to responsibility accounting. Sixtyseven male and fiftyone female college students. Suicide often imparts highly stressful ramifications to those left behind.
The impact of the interaction on their partners affect and acceptance was also explored. Stai a study of the statetrait anxiety inventory stai and its application to noise stress. Objective focusing on people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders living in the community, the present study aims to examine the characteristics of and gender differences in self disclosure to first acquaintances, and to clarify the relationship between self disclosure and subjective wellbeing. Is the excessive use of microblogs an internet addiction. This requires a dropping of defenses, pretense, social performance and other protections against authenticity. If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation.
Jourards theory states that people do not know themselves. The present study examined the self disclosure of socially anxious and depressedmood women students within the context of a facetoface dyadic interaction. This is the first book devoted exclusively to this process. Building on the literature that approaches selfdisclosure as a decisionmaking. Eric is an online library of education research and information, sponsored by the institute of education sciences ies of the u. Adult attachment and self disclosure on sns in social interaction, appropriate self disclosure can reinforce the closeness among individuals derlega et al. Jourard believes that chronic selfconcealment contributes to malaise. A study was conducted to investigate the relationship of the jourard selfdisclosure inventory jsdi to 1 nonverbal behavior and 2 actual disclosure validation of the jsdi as measured by the number of words and speaking time. Anonymity forms an integral and important part of our digital life. Sidney jourard quotes quoteland quotations by author. The relationship between selfdisclosure style and attitudes to. Because we feel that way we present ourselves as someone. An experimental analysis of the transparent self jourard, sidney m on.
Business consumer education consumer research decision making decisionmaking deterrence strategy financial misrepresentation financial misrepresentations flexible response strategy government regulation of business identity theft industry regulations. Ultimately, its a question of trust, which is a function of selfdisclosure. Jourard in the transparent self defines selfdisclosure as making ourselves transparent to others through our communicationi. Each unit increase in self disclosure increases the odds of sexual intercourse by 10% exp. A method for indexing the degree of circumspection or differentiation exercised in self disclosure is suggested. Pdf patterns of selfdisclosure in psychotherapy and marriage. Jourard s 21item questionnaire was analyzed as an instrument for measuring the selfdisclosure of 331 undergraduates at three universities. But you dont need to read books to know how trust works. The inventory yields a grand disclosure score, 6 aspect disclosure subscores, and 6 disclosure totarget subscores. In the present paper, we outline two different methods to easily measure peoples behavioral self disclosure to webbased forms. The process of self disclosure through display of personal possessions, like the process of revealing personal information that builds intimacy in the course of dating jourard 1979, was seen to increase vulnerability. Selfdisclosure is the act of revealing details about ourselves to others. Several articles written by sidney for newspapers or.
Previous research on suicide survivors suss has demonstrated their being at high risk for developing anxiety and depression, including pathological complicated grief cg. Selfdisclosure is on a continuum, and the healthy personality has the ability to discern what is appropriate and what is not. Paradoxically, we fail to disclose ourselves to other people because we want so much to be loved. Selfdisclosure, the process of revealing personal information to other people, was examined as effected by gender, gender role, and individualized trust. The inventory yields a grand disclosure score, 6 aspectdisclosure subscores, and 6. Jourard selfdisclosure questionnaire listed as jsdq.
The therapists use of selfdisclosure demystifies both the therapist and the client. A method for indexing the degree of circumspection or differentiation exercised in selfdisclosure is suggested. It contains ten statements in each of six topic areas. The topics of disclosure range from superficial details to very private, sensitive and personal information. Jourards selfdisclosure theory is a therapeutic model of humanistic treatment where total disclosure is encouraged between the client and the therapist. A validity study of the selfdisclosure questionnaire, 1974. Jourard s 21item questionnaire was analyzed as an instrument for measuring the self disclosure of 331 undergraduates at three universities. Healthy personality and selfdisclosure sidney jourard. Nov 18, 2014 is the excessive use of microblogs an internet addiction. Self disclosure, physical contact, sexual contact, sharing activities, mutual appreciation of the other, and warmth emerged as the major themes. Effects of gender, gender role, and individualized trust. The inventory yields a grand disclosure score, 6 aspect disclosure subscores, and 6. The battery of tests included the california psychological inventory and adjective.
Satisfying physical needs is essential for our physical functioning and survival. Respondents completed the jourard 40item selfdisclosure questrionnaire, the interpersonal dependency inventory, the recent life change questionnaire, and the revised ucla loneliness scale. Most research on the effects of disclosure on close relationships have been done using offline disclosure. The form further detailed how the researchers were planning to investigate the amount of selfdisclosure that individuals exhibit on their facebook profiles and in an effort to not rely solely on selfreport measures, the researchers would like to view the participants actual facebook profiles i. Questionnaire, and the interpersonal dependency inventory. The psychometric properties support its feasibility as a research scale to measure selfdisclosure through online social network facebook. Personality correlates of actual selfdisclosure darhl m. This questionnaire was written in 1958 as part of a study of selfdisclosure by sidney m. Selfdisclosure scale esds for four disclosure recipients. When used in conjunction with psychology and life, 16th edition, we believe that your classroom experience will be an immensely rewarding one for both you. Extended self and possessions in the workplace journal of. Participants 48 married, current psychotherapy patients, mean age 42 completed a 101item disclosure to therapist. This study compared patterns of self disclosure in psychotherapy and marriage.
We used theory to identify potential dimensions of sensitive information disclosures, created potential scale items. Sidney was born in canada and educated at the university of toronto, where he took his m. In this volume, virginia brabender and april fallon chronicle the rich history of group development research, survey modern theories of group development, and introduce their fivestage model of group. Jourard s book is an excellent example of the rules that we live by. You cannot collaborate with another person toward some common end unless you know him. Seven selfdisclosure scores were obtained from the questionnaire, one depth rating for each topic, a total depth score sum of the five topic depth ratings, and an amount of disclosure. Elsewhere it has been argued that the interpersonal view of test responses has much to commend it, not the least of which is the likelihood that this is the. One of the strengths of psychology and life, 16th edition is that we have had years to refine and develop an instructors manual that is comprehensive in scope and complementary in nature.
423 572 127 923 1179 359 968 1610 378 721 459 620 520 1581 1554 847 88 1499 73 553 1017 81 652 1219 1060 1570 1146 1112 843 577 999 872 209 252 1012 252 562 418 416